Passive voice is the form of a
sentence which shows whether what is donated by the Subject does something or
has something done to it. The passive voice is so called because the person or
thing denoted by the subject is not active but passive that suffers or receives
some action. The passive voice is used when the person or thing acted upon is
to be made prominent. The passive voice would be found on newsletters, articles
on magazines, and papers. This voice used because the Object is more important
than the Subject.
Kalimat
pasif adalah bentuk kalimat yang menunjukkan apakah apa yang disumbangkan oleh
Subjek melakukan sesuatu atau memiliki sesuatu dilakukan untuk itu. Suara pasif
disebut demikian karena orang atau hal dilambangkan dengan subjek tidak aktif
tetapi pasif yang menderita atau menerima beberapa tindakan. Suara pasif
digunakan ketika seseorang atau sesuatu ditindaklanjuti adalah harus dibuat
menonjol. Kalimat pasif akan ditemukan di newsletter, artikel di majalah, dan
kertas. Suara ini digunakan karena Object adalah lebih penting daripada Subjek.
Example:
Ø Romeo loves Juliette. (active voice)
Romeo mencintai Juliette. (suara aktif)
Ø Juliette is loved by Romeo. (passive voice)
Juliette dicintai oleh Romeo. (pasif)
From the example we know that Juliette which is the object of “loves” in active
voice becomes the subject of “is loved” in the passive voice. Because of that,
only transitive verbs can be used in the passive voice.
Dari
contoh kita tahu bahwa Juliette yang merupakan objek dari "cinta"
dalam suara aktif menjadi subjek "dicintai" dalam bentuk pasif.
Karena itu, hanya verba transitif dapat digunakan dalam bentuk pasif.
Pola
dasar kalimat pasif adalah:
The form “be” is different for each
tenses and subject. But to express a sentense in passive voice, the tenses is
not change. The tenses must be same with the active voice. The change is only
on the verb.
Bentuk
"menjadi" berbeda untuk setiap tenses dan subjek. Tetapi untuk
mengekspresikan sentense dalam suara pasif, tenses tidak berubah. Tenses harus
sama dengan suara aktif. Perubahan hanya pada kata kerja.
A.
Passive
Voice on Some Tenses
1. Simple
Present Tense
“be” is am, is, or are.
"Harus"
adalah am, adalah, atau.
Example:
Active : Anita waters this plant every two
days
Aktif : Anita perairan tanaman ini setiap dua
hari
Passive : this plant is watered by Anita every two
days
Pasif : tanaman ini disiram oleh Anita setiap
dua hari
“Anita” can become “her” in Passive voice.
"Anita"
dapat menjadi "dia" dalam suara pasif.
Passive : this plant is watered by her
every two days
Pasif : tanaman ini disiram oleh dia setiap
dua hari
2. Simple Past Tense
“be” is was or were.
"Akan"
yang berada atau yang.
Example:
Active : the police arrested five men yesterday
Aktif : polisi menangkap lima orang kemarin
Passive : five men were arrested by the police
yesterday
Pasif : lima orang ditangkap oleh polisi kemarin
3. Present Perfect tense
“be” is been which put after auxiliary has or have.
"Akan"
yang telah yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary memiliki atau memiliki.
Formula:
PASSIVE
VOICE
Passive voice is the form of a
sentence which shows whether what is donated by the Subject does something or
has something done to it. The passive voice is so called because the person or
thing denoted by the subject is not active but passive that suffers or receives
some action. The passive voice is used when the person or thing acted upon is
to be made prominent. The passive voice would be found on newsletters, articles
on magazines, and papers. This voice used because the Object is more important
than the Subject.
Kalimat
pasif adalah bentuk kalimat yang menunjukkan apakah apa yang disumbangkan oleh
Subjek melakukan sesuatu atau memiliki sesuatu dilakukan untuk itu. Suara pasif
disebut demikian karena orang atau hal dilambangkan dengan subjek tidak aktif
tetapi pasif yang menderita atau menerima beberapa tindakan. Suara pasif
digunakan ketika seseorang atau sesuatu ditindaklanjuti adalah harus dibuat
menonjol. Kalimat pasif akan ditemukan di newsletter, artikel di majalah, dan
kertas. Suara ini digunakan karena Object adalah lebih penting daripada Subjek.
Example:
Ø Romeo loves Juliette. (active voice)
Romeo mencintai Juliette. (suara aktif)
Ø Juliette is loved by Romeo. (passive voice)
Juliette dicintai oleh Romeo. (pasif)
From the example we know that Juliette which is the object of “loves” in active
voice becomes the subject of “is loved” in the passive voice. Because of that,
only transitive verbs can be used in the passive voice.
Dari
contoh kita tahu bahwa Juliette yang merupakan objek dari "cinta"
dalam suara aktif menjadi subjek "dicintai" dalam bentuk pasif.
Karena itu, hanya verba transitif dapat digunakan dalam bentuk pasif.
Pola
dasar kalimat pasif adalah:
The form “be” is different for each
tenses and subject. But to express a sentense in passive voice, the tenses is
not change. The tenses must be same with the active voice. The change is only
on the verb.
Bentuk
"menjadi" berbeda untuk setiap tenses dan subjek. Tetapi untuk
mengekspresikan sentense dalam suara pasif, tenses tidak berubah. Tenses harus
sama dengan suara aktif. Perubahan hanya pada kata kerja.
A.
Passive
Voice on Some Tenses
1. Simple
Present Tense
“be” is am, is, or are.
"Harus"
adalah am, adalah, atau.
Example:
Active : Anita waters this plant every two
days
Aktif : Anita perairan tanaman ini setiap dua
hari
Passive : this plant is watered by Anita every two
days
Pasif : tanaman ini disiram oleh Anita setiap
dua hari
“Anita” can become “her” in Passive voice.
"Anita"
dapat menjadi "dia" dalam suara pasif.
Passive : this plant is watered by her
every two days
Pasif : tanaman ini disiram oleh dia setiap
dua hari
2. Simple Past Tense
“be” is was or were.
"Akan"
yang berada atau yang.
Example:
Active : the police arrested five men yesterday
Aktif : polisi menangkap lima orang kemarin
Passive : five men were arrested by the police
yesterday
Pasif : lima orang ditangkap oleh polisi kemarin
3. Present Perfect tense
“be” is been which put after auxiliary has or have.
"Akan"
yang telah yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary memiliki atau memiliki.
Formula:
Example:
Active : the secretary has finished the report
Aktif : Sekretaris selesai laporan
Passive : the report has been finished by the
secretary
Pasif : laporan tersebut telah selesai oleh
sekretaris
4. Past Perfect Tense
“be” is been which put after auxiliary had.
"Akan"
yang telah yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary punya
Formula:
Example:
Active : he had met them before I came.
Aktif : ia telah bertemu mereka sebelum aku
datang.
Passive : they had been met by him before I come
Pasif : mereka telah bertemu dengan dia sebelum
aku dating
5. Simple Future Tense
“be” is be that put after auxiliary will.
"Akan"
adalah bahwa setelah menempatkan kehendak tambahan.
Formula:
Example:
Active :
the farmers will harvest the crops next week
Aktif : petani akan memanen tanaman minggu depan
Passive : the crops will be harvested by the farmers
next week
Pasif : tanaman akan dipanen oleh petani minggu
depan
Because “will” is same with “(be) going to” so “be” is
put after “(be) going to”
Karena
"akan" sama dengan "(bisa) akan" jadi "menjadi"
diletakkan setelah "(akan) akan"
Active : the farmers will harvest the crops
next week
Aktif : petani akan memanen tanaman minggu depan
Passive : the crops are going to be harvested be the
farmers next week
Pasif : tanaman yang akan dipanen be petani
berikutnya minggu
6. Continuous Tense
For continuous tense such as present continuous and past
continuous tense.
Untuk
terus menerus tegang seperti ini terus menerus dan masa lalu terus-menerus
tegang.
“be” is (be)
being. Like: is being, was being, etc.
"Menjadi"
adalah (menjadi) menjadi. Seperti: sedang, sedang, dll
Example:
Active : he is meeting them now
Aktif : dia bertemu mereka sekarang
Passive : they are being met by him now
Pasif : mereka sedang dipenuhi oleh dia sekarang
Active : he was meeting them
Aktif : ia bertemu mereka
Passive : they were being met by him.
Pasif : mereka sedang bertemu dengan dia.
Besides that, there is another form of passive voice. This the forms.
Selain
itu, ada bentuk lain dari suara pasif. Ini bentuknya.
1. Passive Imperrative
Example:
Active : Help the poor
Aktif : Membantu orang miskin
Passive : Let the poor be helped
Pasif : Biarkan miskin dibantu
2. Passive Infinitive
pasif Infinitive
Example:
Active : It is time to send the letter
Aktif : Ini adalah waktu untuk mengirim surat
Passive : It is time for the letter to be sent
Pasif : Ini adalah waktu untuk surat yang akan
dikirim
3. Negative
Passive Imperative
Negatif Pasif Imperatif
Example:
Active : Do not wait for me
Aktif : Jangan menunggu untuk saya
Passive : You are advised not to wait for me.
Pasif : Anda disarankan untuk tidak menunggu
untuk saya.
4. Passive Voice with Verbs of Perception
Passive Voice dengan Verbs Persepsi
Example:
Active : This food tastes delicious.
Aktif : Makanan ini rasanya lezat.
Passive : This food is delicious when it is tasted.
Pasif
: makanan ini lezat bila terasa.
5. Passive Voice with Certain Verbs Followed by
That-clause.
Passive Voice dengan Verbs tertentu
Diikuti oleh Yang-klausul.
Example:
Active : we
regretted that the principal had to resign from office.
Aktif
: kami menyesal bahwa kepala sekolah harus mengundurkan diri dari
jabatannya.
Passive : it was regretter
that the principal had to resign from office.
Pasif
: itu peringatan bahwa kepala sekolah harus mengundurkan diri dari
jabatannya.
6. Passive Voice with Nouns or Adjectives as
Complements.
Passive Voice dengan Kata benda atau
kata sifat sebagai Komplemen.
Example:
Active : I
consider her very pretty.
Aktif
: Saya menganggap dia sangat cantik.
Passive : She
is considered very pretty.
Pasif
: Dia dianggap sangat cantik.
7. Passive Voice with Two Objects
.
Passive
Voice dengan Dua Objects.
Example:
Active : He will give you a ticket.
Aktif: Dia akan memberikan tiket.
Passive : a ticket will be given you by him.
Pasif: tiket akan diberikan
kepadamu oleh-nya.
Passive : you will be given a ticket by him.
Pasif: Anda akan diberikan tiket
oleh dia.
8. Passive Voice with Gerund Verbs.
Passive Voice Kata Kerja dengan
gerund.
Example:
Active
: the teacher enjoyed teaching the students.
Aktif: guru menikmati mengajar
siswa.
Passive : the student enjoyed being taught by the teacher.
Pasif: siswa menikmati yang
diajarkan oleh guru.
9. Passive Voice for Asking.
Passive Voice
untuk Bertanya.
Example:
Active : Who taught you French?
Aktif: Siapa yang mengajarimu
bahasa perancis?
Passive : by whom was French taught you?
Pasif: oleh siapa itu bahasa
perancis mengajarimu?
Passive : by whom were you taught French?
Pasif: oleh siapa kau diajari
bahasa perancis?
10. Passive Voice with Unique Verbs
Passive Voice dengan kata unik
For this form, the verb
that used is require, deverse, or need.
Untuk formulir ini, kata kerja yang
digunakan adalah membutuhkan, deverse, atau butuhkan.
Example:
v This wall needs to be painted.
Dinding ini perlu dicat.
v This wall needs painting.
Tembok ini kebutuhan lukisan
Those sentences
have the same meaning.
Mereka
kalimat memiliki arti yang sama.
Tense Forms Of Passive
Verb
Notice that all the
passive verbs are formed with BE + PAST PARTICIPLE.
|
||
TENSE
|
ACTIVE
|
PASSIVE
|
Simple Present
|
The news surprises me.
The news surprises Sam.
The news surprises us.
|
I am surprised by the
news.
Sam is surprised by the
news.
We are surprised by the
news.
|
Simple Past
|
The news surprised me.
The news surprised us.
|
I
was surprised by the news.
We were surprised by the news
|
Present Perfect
|
Bob has mailed the letter.
Bob has mailed the
letters.
|
The
letter has been mailed by
Bob
The letters have been mailed by
Bob.
|
Future
|
Bob will mail the letter.
Bob is going to mail the
letter.
|
The
letter will be mailed by
Bob.
The letter is going to be mailed by
Bob.
|
Tense
|
Subject
|
Auxiliary
|
Past
Participle |
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|||
Present
|
The car/cars
|
is
|
are
|
designed.
|
Present perfect
|
The car/cars
|
has been
|
have been
|
designed.
|
Past
|
The car/cars
|
was
|
were
|
designed.
|
Past perfect
|
The car/cars
|
had been
|
had been
|
designed.
|
Future
|
The car/cars
|
will be
|
will be
|
designed.
|
Future perfect
|
The car/cars
|
will have been
|
will have been
|
designed.
|
Present progressive
|
The car/cars
|
is being
|
are being
|
designed.
|
Past progressive
|
The car/cars
|
was being
|
were being
|
designed.
|
References
Azar, Betty schrampfer. Understanding and Using English Grammar.America:Prentice
Hall Regents,1989.
Azar, Betty schrampfer. Fundamentals Of English Grammar.America:Prentice Hall
Regents,1992.
Example:
Active : the secretary has finished the report
Aktif : Sekretaris selesai laporan
Passive : the report has been finished by the
secretary
Pasif : laporan tersebut telah selesai oleh
sekretaris
4. Past Perfect Tense
“be” is been which put after auxiliary had.
"Akan"
yang telah yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary punya
Formula:
Example:
Active : he had met them before I came.
Aktif : ia telah bertemu mereka sebelum aku
datang.
Passive : they had been met by him before I come
Pasif : mereka telah bertemu dengan dia sebelum
aku dating
5. Simple Future Tense
“be” is be that put after auxiliary will.
"Akan"
adalah bahwa setelah menempatkan kehendak tambahan.
Formula:
Example:
Active :
the farmers will harvest the crops next week
Aktif : petani akan memanen tanaman minggu depan
Passive : the crops will be harvested by the farmers
next week
Pasif : tanaman akan dipanen oleh petani minggu
depan
Because “will” is same with “(be) going to” so “be” is
put after “(be) going to”
Karena
"akan" sama dengan "(bisa) akan" jadi "menjadi"
diletakkan setelah "(akan) akan"
Active : the farmers will harvest the crops
next week
Aktif : petani akan memanen tanaman minggu depan
Passive : the crops are going to be harvested be the
farmers next week
Pasif : tanaman yang akan dipanen be petani
berikutnya minggu
6. Continuous Tense
For continuous tense such as present continuous and past
continuous tense.
Untuk
terus menerus tegang seperti ini terus menerus dan masa lalu terus-menerus
tegang.
“be” is (be)
being. Like: is being, was being, etc.
"Menjadi"
adalah (menjadi) menjadi. Seperti: sedang, sedang, dll
Example:
Active : he is meeting them now
Aktif : dia bertemu mereka sekarang
Passive : they are being met by him now
Pasif : mereka sedang dipenuhi oleh dia sekarang
Active : he was meeting them
Aktif : ia bertemu mereka
Passive : they were being met by him.
Pasif : mereka sedang bertemu dengan dia.
Besides that, there is another form of passive voice. This the forms.
Selain
itu, ada bentuk lain dari suara pasif. Ini bentuknya.
1. Passive Imperrative
Example:
Active : Help the poor
Aktif : Membantu orang miskin
Passive : Let the poor be helped
Pasif : Biarkan miskin dibantu
2. Passive Infinitive
pasif Infinitive
Example:
Active : It is time to send the letter
Aktif : Ini adalah waktu untuk mengirim surat
Passive : It is time for the letter to be sent
Pasif : Ini adalah waktu untuk surat yang akan
dikirim
3. Negative
Passive Imperative
Negatif Pasif Imperatif
Example:
Active : Do not wait for me
Aktif : Jangan menunggu untuk saya
Passive : You are advised not to wait for me.
Pasif : Anda disarankan untuk tidak menunggu
untuk saya.
4. Passive Voice with Verbs of Perception
Passive Voice dengan Verbs Persepsi
Example:
Active : This food tastes delicious.
Aktif : Makanan ini rasanya lezat.
Passive : This food is delicious when it is tasted.
Pasif
: makanan ini lezat bila terasa.
5. Passive Voice with Certain Verbs Followed by
That-clause.
Passive Voice dengan Verbs tertentu
Diikuti oleh Yang-klausul.
Example:
Active : we
regretted that the principal had to resign from office.
Aktif
: kami menyesal bahwa kepala sekolah harus mengundurkan diri dari
jabatannya.
Passive : it was regretter
that the principal had to resign from office.
Pasif
: itu peringatan bahwa kepala sekolah harus mengundurkan diri dari
jabatannya.
6. Passive Voice with Nouns or Adjectives as
Complements.
Passive Voice dengan Kata benda atau
kata sifat sebagai Komplemen.
Example:
Active : I
consider her very pretty.
Aktif
: Saya menganggap dia sangat cantik.
Passive : She
is considered very pretty.
Pasif
: Dia dianggap sangat cantik.
7. Passive Voice with Two Objects
.
Passive
Voice dengan Dua Objects.
Example:
Active : He will give you a ticket.
Aktif: Dia akan memberikan tiket.
Passive : a ticket will be given you by him.
Pasif: tiket akan diberikan
kepadamu oleh-nya.
Passive : you will be given a ticket by him.
Pasif: Anda akan diberikan tiket
oleh dia.
8. Passive Voice with Gerund Verbs.
Passive Voice Kata Kerja dengan
gerund.
Example:
Active
: the teacher enjoyed teaching the students.
Aktif: guru menikmati mengajar
siswa.
Passive : the student enjoyed being taught by the teacher.
Pasif: siswa menikmati yang
diajarkan oleh guru.
9. Passive Voice for Asking.
Passive Voice
untuk Bertanya.
Example:
Active : Who taught you French?
Aktif: Siapa yang mengajarimu
bahasa perancis?
Passive : by whom was French taught you?
Pasif: oleh siapa itu bahasa
perancis mengajarimu?
Passive : by whom were you taught French?
Pasif: oleh siapa kau diajari
bahasa perancis?
10. Passive Voice with Unique Verbs
Passive Voice dengan kata unik
For this form, the verb
that used is require, deverse, or need.
Untuk formulir ini, kata kerja yang
digunakan adalah membutuhkan, deverse, atau butuhkan.
Example:
v This wall needs to be painted.
Dinding ini perlu dicat.
v This wall needs painting.
Tembok ini kebutuhan lukisan
Those sentences
have the same meaning.
Mereka
kalimat memiliki arti yang sama.
Tense Forms Of Passive
Verb
Notice that all the
passive verbs are formed with BE + PAST PARTICIPLE.
|
||
TENSE
|
ACTIVE
|
PASSIVE
|
Simple Present
|
The news surprises me.
The news surprises Sam.
The news surprises us.
|
I am surprised by the
news.
Sam is surprised by the
news.
We are surprised by the
news.
|
Simple Past
|
The news surprised me.
The news surprised us.
|
I
was surprised by the news.
We were surprised by the news
|
Present Perfect
|
Bob has mailed the letter.
Bob has mailed the
letters.
|
The
letter has been mailed by
Bob
The letters have been mailed by
Bob.
|
Future
|
Bob will mail the letter.
Bob is going to mail the
letter.
|
The
letter will be mailed by
Bob.
The letter is going to be mailed by
Bob.
|
Tense
|
Subject
|
Auxiliary
|
Past
Participle |
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|||
Present
|
The car/cars
|
is
|
are
|
designed.
|
Present perfect
|
The car/cars
|
has been
|
have been
|
designed.
|
Past
|
The car/cars
|
was
|
were
|
designed.
|
Past perfect
|
The car/cars
|
had been
|
had been
|
designed.
|
Future
|
The car/cars
|
will be
|
will be
|
designed.
|
Future perfect
|
The car/cars
|
will have been
|
will have been
|
designed.
|
Present progressive
|
The car/cars
|
is being
|
are being
|
designed.
|
Past progressive
|
The car/cars
|
was being
|
were being
|
designed.
|
References
Azar, Betty schrampfer. Understanding and Using English Grammar.America:Prentice
Hall Regents,1989.
Azar, Betty schrampfer. Fundamentals Of English Grammar.America:Prentice Hall
Regents,1992.
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